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A Conversation
With Jeff Tamarkin, Author of Got a Revolution!
Q. Why a book about Jefferson Airplane?
A. Like Sir Edmund Hillary said after becoming the first
person to climb Mt. Everest, the answer's simply, "Because
they were there." Jefferson Airplane was one of the great
rock bands of all time, hugely successful and influential,
highly creative, beloved by millions-truly one of the major
bands during rock's classic era. And yet their story has never
really been told. There are hundreds of books on the Beatles,
the Rolling Stones, Bob Dylan, the Grateful Dead, etc., but
none on the Airplane. So I elected myself to tell their tale.
Also, of course, because I love their music.
Q. What's so special about this band as opposed
to other '60s bands? Are they still relevant?
A. Jefferson Airplane is still extremely relevant. They flourished
in a very volatile political and social climate, and they
not only reflected that era but actually contributed to the
history. The Airplane was truly on the front lines of the
'60s; they were groundbreakers, challenging authority at every
turn and, by example, encouraging their fans to do the same.
We're going through a chaotic, worrisome, highly charged period
now as well, and the Airplane's music still says something
to people. It gets them thinking, something that not a lot
of pop music does anymore. One of the last stories in the
book is about how a high school in Missouri banned its marching
band from playing a Jefferson Airplane song-this was in 1998,
a full 25 years after the band broke up! For some of the kids
it was the first time they had ever heard of Jefferson Airplane,
and they began buying up the songs to see why the school officials
were so nervous.
Q. But this is really more than just a book about
the band.
A. Absolutely. It's about an era when young people were coming
into their own as a social, political and economic force.
The Airplane, to me, is almost a metaphor for the '60s and
the ups and downs of the Baby Boom generation. This is also
a story of a very unique place and time, San Francisco in
the '60s. It's also about business deals gone bad, clueless
corporations trying to make sense of this youth revolution,
and these young children of the middle-class forging ahead
and really making up the counterculture as they went along.
Of course, there is also a whole lot of sex, drugs and rock
and roll! But there's much more than that going on here.
Q. Where does the book's title come from? What
revolution are you referring to?
A. The title is from the lyric of the title track of the
Airplane's Volunteers album. They sing, "Look what's
happening out in the streets/Got a revolution/Got to revolution."
Do I feel there was a revolution? In a way, yes. Not the kind
of violent revolution where a government was overthrown, but
one of ideas. I think young people in the '60s, led by groups
such as the Airplane, the Beatles, etc., were in large part
responsible for ending the Vietnam War, for changing the way
people looked at racism, sexism, the environment, etc. A lot
of the ideas that came to the surface in those years-gay rights,
the anti-nuclear movement, Greenpeace-are still with us today.
The Airplane was not an underground group: they appeared on
the cover of Life magazine, on the Ed Sullivan Show. They
were very high profile and young people paid attention to
what they said and did. They also revolutionized the music
itself. By bringing a jazz-like improvisational freedom to
rock, they took the music to the next level. They basically
said that pop songs don't have to be played the same way every
time, they can evolve, and that it was okay to explore new
dimensions musically, to take risks, even if those risks sometimes
resulted in failure.
Q. How long did it take you to write this book and how much
was involved?
A. The project itself took five years. But I began researching
Jefferson Airplane and interviewing band members back in the
late 1970s. I've been working with them for more than 10 years
on CD liner notes so they trusted me to tell the story accurately
and fairly. I had unprecedented access to the musicians, their
friends and families, business associates, etc. I conducted
hundreds of hours of interviews and spent the first few years
gathering and sorting out information and trying to make sense
of it all. It's a very labyrinthine tale.
Q. These people didn't always get along, did they?
A. (Laughing) No, they sure didn't. And there are still lingering
hostilities to this day. In a way it's a classic love-hate
relationship. They all know that they went through something
special together and appreciate the role that they as a group
played, and the role that each individual played within that
group. But they were very different from each other then and
they are very different now. One of the roadblocks I hadn't
envisioned was that they would each recall certain events
differently though. In some cases I'd ask the same question
of six band members and get six different answers. So part
of my job was to try to discern which version, if any, was
accurate. One of them would say, with absolute certainty,
that something happened this way. The next person would say,
"He doesn't know what he's talking about-it happened
this way." Then a third person would say they're both
wrong. These are all very strong personalities and so the
events of those years are filtered through their outlook and
philosophies and experiences, and of course, after more than
three decades, memories are distorted. I had to rely on a
lot of documentation from the era to get at the real story.
Q. Can you tell us some of the more famous stories?
A. There are so many sudden surprises and weird twists and
turns. There was the time that Grace Slick appeared inexplicably
in blackface makeup on the Smothers Brothers Show. Another
time she wore a Hitler mustache onstage at the Fillmore East,
which was owned by Holocaust escapee Bill Graham. There was
the time that Jack and Jorma took up speed skating, which
actually contributed to the group's demise. Partying with
everyone from Jimi Hendrix and Jim Morrison to the Kennedys.
Grace and Jorma drag racing through San Francisco, resulting
in a near-fatal car accident for Grace. Weird characters appearing
uninvited in the Airplane's headquarters naked or claiming
to be the father of Grace's child. There are also many well-known
tales, like Grace going to the White House with Abbie Hoffman
as her escort, hoping to slip LSD into President Nixon's drink;
the band's appearances at the Monterey, Woodstock and Altamont
concerts. The book also delves into the years after the Airplane
split into Jefferson Starship and Hot Tuna, and some of the
best stories take place then. In 1978, for example, fans in
Germany rioted because Grace didn't show up at a Starship
gig, burning their equipment and the stage to the ground.
The musicians all give a very harrowing account.
Q. Would you say that Grace Slick personified
the '60s woman?
A. Not really-she wasn't really the personification of anything
other than Grace Slick. She was a lot tougher than most '60s
women. More free-spirited. She didn't subscribe to the accepted
roles for women at the time but, despite her public image,
she wasn't a hippie or a feminist either. For example, she
liked makeup and nice clothes and abhorred the idea of communal
living. She was very much her own woman. She had her personal
problems, for sure, and they caught up with her, but she was
truly an individual. Very intelligent, witty, outspoken, very
often outrageous and abusive-her observations and quips throughout
the book are classic.
Q. Got a Revolution! almost doubles as a history book. It
takes us through the famed Summer of Love, it touches on the
effect of the Vietnam War on the country's youth, it goes
to the big rock festivals, etc. We also see how the '60s gave
way to the more complacent '70s, when so much changed, for
the main characters in the book as well as their peers.
A. That was my intention. The story of Jefferson Airplane
cannot be separated from the time in which they made their
art. Their music, and their way of life, was thoroughly intertwined
with events of the day. After the '60s, things cooled down,
young people became more reflective. After the former Airplane
members went their separate ways they continued to create
excellent music but they became as much a product of the overindulgent,
hedonistic post-'60s as they had been a product of the '60s.
Some of the most fascinating stuff in the book takes place
after Jefferson Airplane itself has disbanded. What began
as the Airplane ended up as faceless corporate rock 25 years
later.
Q. Is it true that Grace Slick slept with all
of the male band members?
A. Well, not all. She slept with every one of the key members
except Marty Balin, the band's other lead singer. One of the
underlying sagas within the book is the constant sexual tension
between Grace and Marty-that dynamic contributed greatly to
their onstage charisma as well. But she did indeed bed all
of the others and had relationships with Spencer Dryden, the
drummer, and Paul Kantner, the rhythm guitarist. Grace and
Paul had a daughter, China Kantner, who later became an MTV
personality. Don't forget, the Airplane was going strong at
the peak of the sexual revolution-fidelity was not a big issue
to them.
Q. What are the Airplane members all doing now?
A. Grace retired from music in 1989 after the Airplane did
a reunion album and tour. She now paints. Paul continues to
lead a version of Jefferson Starship-the only other original
Airplane member in the band (though not always) is Marty,
who also paints. Jorma Kaukonen plays solo and with Hot Tuna,
the band he founded while still in the Airplane-he also runs
a guitar camp. He was nominated for a Grammy in 2003. Jack
Casady, the bassist, still plays with Jorma in Hot Tuna and
released his first solo album. Spencer has passed away. Almost
all of the other ex-Airplane, Starship and Tuna members continue
to make music.
Q: So does someone have to be a Jefferson Airplane
fan to appreciate the book?
A: Oh, absolutely not. Anyone who's curious about late 20th
century social history or the music business in general or
even how cities like San Francisco and Los Angeles have evolved
would be intrigued. The story takes place on several levels,
with the Airplane at its center.
Q. And what's next on the horizon for you?
A. I have a lot of different ideas for non-fiction books,
some about music and some not, and may develop a novel I started
a while back. I am associate editor of JazzTimes magazine
and do a lot of freelance writing. And I like to spend a lot
of time with my wife, the novelist Caroline Leavitt, and our
son, Max.
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